All my voice memo recording titles / file names are gone

Did you ever get an answer to this? This happened to me and i need it fixed

I finally found some useful info -- this may apply to you, too, if you have an older phone model (mine's an iPhone 7):

If your Voice Memos titles changed to dates - Apple Support (CA). In short: the renaming is apparently related to changes in security/encryption protocols.

Also good to know: there's a "Location-based naming" option in your phone's settings, which I swear I never turned on, but perhaps it was enabled by default when the option was introduced.

Anyway the good news is: if you have another newer device you can use, like a mac computer, open the voice memos app, enable iCloud syncing, and you'll find the files displayed with the custom names you gave them, even though they'll still show up with the date/time/location names on your phone.