Suica mobile payment

A question: in which country do you live?

Read this about Suica.

I ordered an iPhone from Apple Austria and gave the details, but there was a problem: when I tried to make the payment, I couldn't because of the bank limit.

See -> Shopping Help - Payment & Pricing -> Payment, Financing, Refunds and VAT - Shopping Help - Apple

I gave my apple id and password to my brother and father,

Change your Apple ID password. 

Create a strong password for your Apple ID, It is best if your password consists of eight or more characters and include upper and lowercase letters, and at least one number. You can also add extra characters and punctuation marks to make your password even stronger. 

Never provide your password, passcode, security questions, verification codes, recovery key or any other account security details to anyone else. Apple will never ask you for this information.

Then see this Apple article: What to do after you change your Apple ID or password

What to do after you change your Apple ID or password - Apple Support

The worst thing was that after two days I was charged with a fee from "suica mobile payment", i.e. 2 times from 145.14 euros. I didn't even know about "Suica",

Not sure why Suica charged you.

Get more help and assistant from Apple directly, see Contact Apple for support and service -> Contact Apple for support and service – Apple Support (UK) 

The worst thing was that after two days I was charged with a fee from "suica mobile payment", i.e. 2 times from 145.14 euros. I didn't even know about "Suica",

Not sure why Suica charged you.

Get more help and assistant from Apple directly, see Contact Apple for support and service -> Contact Apple for support and service – Apple Support (UK) 

I don't understand why you get an invoice from Suica?

the bank doesn't take any responsibility,

Contact your bank, they can find out who (name, address & account number) has collected the amount from your bank account, and when.

Depending on your bank, they can collect the amount back within 30 days.

Ask also your bank to block your card, and ask a new card.