Audio Playback in Logic Pro X only Working Properly from Macbook Speakers

Hi everyone, I've searched for this issue already but can't seem to find it, only similar issues from years ago.

I'm running Logic Pro 11.1.2 (the latest version as of this writing) and am experiencing an issue where some tracks are not audible when using any other audio output device besides the built-in speakers. So, if I open a project and press play, I can hear all of the tracks, but only if the output device is the MacBook's speakers. If I plug into the headphone jack or use my USB interface, some tracks are inaudible despite them clearly being unmuted. I know for certain that this is either an issue with Logic or with the Hardware/OS because if I open these projects on an older Mac running an older version of Logic, everything works as expected. I've tried everything, including the simplest stuff like reinstalling, and can't seem to get over this hurdle. Does anyone know what this is? My Mac is a 14" M1 Pro running Sequoia 15.3.2.