UPDATE:
For me at least - it’s Apple Intelligence.
I’ve tried everything - nothing helped.
Then one cable (that had not worked previously) suddenly worked again (a Juice one).
It worked flawlessly again, wiggling the cable did not make it disconnect.
I thought about what had changed and I remember reading on Reddit that someone mentioned Apple Intelligence.
I’ve tried restarting AI before and it didn’t work, but I remember that I hadn’t tried every cable, for some reason switching off AI makes this (and only this) cable work.
So I tried the other cables (to be clear these cables all worked fine in the past, prior to this issue starting), assuming they would all work, and here is where it gets weird.
Trying the other cables didn’t work, but it also then made the Juice cable not work again.
So I restarted Apple Intelligence again and it worked again.
Looking at this logically, Apple Intelligence is doing ‘something’ to the information that it stores about cables.
I don’t even know if it does that, I know it checks for MFi cables but does it keep track of each cable and then that gets confused by Apple Intelligence?
I just don’t know.
So in summary:
1- Switch off Apple Intelligence
2- Try every cable you have (a Juice one worked for me)
3- If or when you find one that works, try turning on AI and see if it continues to work.
This might not work for others but it’s worth a try.