Having this same issue after the Ventura update. I have 3 separate Exchange accounts configured on my Mac. 2 of them are low volume departmental accounts, and the 3rd is my own individual account. The departmental ones are operating just fine, but my individual account is not working right. No updates show up in Calendar. Most* calendar invitations/cancellations are showing fine in Mail, and if I click accept/reject on an invitation or OK on a cancellation, my actual calendar is updated as viewed in Outlook or the Exchange web interface, but no updates are shows in the Mac Calendar app at all. I turned off Calendar capabilities for that account in System Setting, which resulted in all of the entries for that account disappearing from Calendar completely, but nothing ever reappears even with the exchangesyncd process downloading gigabytes of data over and over again.
*as a side note, it appears that invitations that are generated by the Zoom Outlook plugin for Exchange (ie, invitations I receive from Outlook users with a Zoom meeting scheduled) are not recognized by Apple Mail as containing an actual invitation, so I can't even accept/reject those invitations using Apple Mail.