impossible to edit a folder in my HDD (macOS Ventura)

Is this folder at the "root" of the hard drive, or inside a specific folder? Root folders are generally not editable, unless you go to Sharing and permissions and adjust the permissions with an admin account. Make sure the folder does not belong to any OS specific components, as that is one reason you can't edit such folders. That prevents you from being hacked.

If the folder is on a PC formatted NTFS hard drive, you'll want to use:

https://osxfuse.github.io/ Macfuse

Try shutting down the computer, and connecting the drive after loading the system.