Myatix wrote:
for your information: if I launch MacOS recovery everything starts working. So it is not a hardware issue.
That may not be true. Recovery Mode is a very limited mode with just a fraction of the OS being used/available so recovery mode may not be utilizing the hardware in the same way a full macOS does.
It is possible that Spotlight may be indexing the drive which can easily tie up system resources. Or maybe you have some other items that are scanning or checking for updates.
Try running Disk Utility First Aid on the hidden Container. Even if First Aid says everything is "Ok" click "Show Details" and scroll back through the report to see if any unfixed errors are listed. If there are any unfixed errors listed, then try running First Aid from Internet Recovery Mode, otherwise you will need to erase the whole physical drive and restore from a backup or clone.
Also try disconnecting all external devices in case one of them is causing a problem.
You can try running the Apple Diagnostics to see if any hardware issues are detected.