No 2017 MacBook Pro can upgrade further than Ventura – and with the release of Tahoe, Ventura is no longer one of the "most recent three". That means that vendors like Microsoft and Adobe may soon drop support for Ventura, assuming that they haven't already. (The latest versions of Pages, Numbers, Keynote, and GarageBand required a minimum of Sonoma even before Tahoe came out.)
While Ventura will no longer get the latest versions of Safari, the version of Safari that runs on it now is very recent and should be fine for browsing most Web sites. Ventura is recent enough that it can run just about any third-party Web browser of your choice – such as Firefox, Brave, Opera, Microsoft Edge, or even Google Chrome. The current version of Firefox will run on Catalina – suggesting that Ventura will be in line to receive the latest versions of Firefox for several years.
Other applications that will run on your Mac include the free LibreOffice office suite, and the commercial Affinity V2 applications (Photo, Designer, Publisher).