If the computer has the latest version of macOS 10.15 Catalina plus all the additional Security Updates.
The Software update will not find any newer version of Catalina as there are no more updates being offered
To upGrade to anything newer
You will need to use a special link that will point to the Apple Apps Store where you can upGrade this computer
The below links will help identify which version of macOS this computer may Qualifies to run.
From what I see, this computer can run any version of macOS including the Latest offers from Apple >> MacOS 15 Sequoia
Safari will open a redirect and open the Apple Store where the download can commence.
Suggest having at least 50 GB of Empty Space on the drive.
It will allow the Full Version ( about 12.xx GB ) to download, then expand and then commence to install.
If there is Third Party Security Software installed - remove it.
It will interfere with both the download and installation process.
macOS Sequoia compatible Computers
macOS Sonoma is compatible with these computers
Computer Qualifying for macOS 13 Ventura
Computer Qualify for the Monterey upgrade
macOS Big Sur 11 hardware requirements
Always make a Time Machine Backup before doing any upGrades