How can I re-calibrate MacBook Pro 14" M4 (macOS 15.2) battery

Apple have not recommended any calibration since they stopped using quick-detachable batteries about 2009.

The only "reset" procedure that involves the power system is for the System Management Controller (SMC).

Reset the SMC of your Mac - Apple Support

There is no described process for recalibrating the battery in the current MacBook Pro models.

Your device is warrantied for a year. If you discover that you cannot get an acceptable run time from the battery and/or the battery health drops to near 80% within that year (System Settings > Battery > Battery Health), then you should consider making an appointment at the Apple Store and have the laptop evaluated.

You can make a Genius Bar appointment for hardware/software service and support using this link: Contact Apple for support and service - Apple Support

Get your Mac repaired and see how much will it cost: Mac Repair & Service - Apple Support 

Call Customer Support (800) MY–APPLE (800–692–7753) or on line /getsupport.apple.com/ 

or call AppleCare Support at 1-800-APLCARE (800-275-2273) 

Oh yes, I bought a macbook m1 pro in November, and this week I had the same problem.

I do not know what to do, yesterday it turned off by 19%, today by 28%.

There is little information on the Internet, I do not know how to do the right thing.

There is no calibration process for the battery.

When you have ac power close you should plug in the computer to use that. When you have to be mobile then of course run the laptop on the battery. The MacBook Pro M4 14" should run all day, maybe 12-15 hours(?), before it shuts down. Your mileage will vary.

Use your device, but bon't obsess over the state of charge of the battery, the calibration and the charge cycles. The Mac and the macOS are designed to manage the battery charge and eventually learn your use patterns to optimize the charging. This process can take weeks, even months, before it settles into a routine. It will take longer if your use of the device is sporadic.

Your device is warrantied for a year. If you discover that you cannot get an acceptable run time from the battery and/or the battery health drops to near 80% within that year (System Settings > Battery > Battery Health, then I would consider making an appointment to the Apple Store and have the laptop evaluated.

I understood the problem and I stand by my answer.

The state of charge percentage of the battery display has never been spot on, in my experience. So, I plug in when ac is available and I unplug when it isn't. I close the lid when I'm not actively using the laptop to conserve energy. If I'm going to be mobile tomorrow I plug in overnight and start the day with a full charge.

If you believe this to be a software fault, then make sure you keep the OS updated to the latest release version. Things like this are often addressed with the incremental updates that drop occasionally. The current release of macOS Sequoia is 15.2.

There is no permanent charging schedule.

I was charging before this incident, as usual, I see that the battery icon has turned red and shows 19%, I put it on charge, and charge it to a full charge of 100%

About 1 hour and he's 100%, I work on him a little bit, maybe 4-6 hours a day.

This whole week, the MacBook turned off 3-4 times, with a residual charge of 19-20-28%, when before I could sit up to 1% and this did not happen

But I have a Macbook m1 pro 14.2 10/16, 16GB and 1000TB.

It seems to me that the problem is widespread, and it cannot be that 5-6 people on the forum have this problem this week

<< There is little information on the Internet, I do not know how to do the right thing. >>

That computer is a battery-CAPABLE device. It is not optimized as a battery-operated device. (It is NOT an iPhone.)

Your computer performs best when connected to AC power, such as the power adapter. It can use the full output of the Power Adapter AND when doing especially challenging work will also freely "borrow" power from the battery. In some cases, even with the power adapter connected, the charged state may decline during very stressful work.

When used only on battery, your computer has no extra cushion of power, and may perform more slowly. However, for ordinary non-stressful tasks this may not be objectionable (possibly not even noticeable.)

In general, you should ALWAYS connect a power source when it is possible to do so, and only run on batteries (which could be somewhat slower) when no power sources are at hand. Your Mac maintains its battery charge levels under program control, and will NEVER over-charge.

You misunderstood me.

Everything you've written is super obvious.

The only thing is, I don't use power-consuming apps on my MacBook, and I know how the system works.

I didn't have any problems for 2 months, and then suddenly it appeared, but nothing changed in the work scenario, as I didn't use power-consuming applications, and I don't use them now.

You misunderstood me, I don't need to always connect my MacBook to the network, there is a problem that it turns off at 20 percent without warning, that's the whole problem, but not the power consumption, and that's what you described.

<< there is a problem that it turns off at 20 percent without warning, >>

Why are you running your Mac down so low? When you get anywhere below a quarter full, you are at risk of sudden and unexpected "out of gas".

PLUG IT IN and do not run it down so low, except when you have NO other choice.

the system estimate of battery fullness has always been VERY coarse.

It's a little like having a gas gauge in a car with only one or two marks on the entire scale from full to empty.