iPhone 4 can no longer log into iCloud
My father has a MacBook Pro, an iPhone 4, and an iPhone 6s+. When new (iCloud) emails arrive, his MacBook Pro and iPhone 6s+ play a notification sound, and he can view the incoming email. However, while his iPhone 4 used to do the same, a few weeks ago, it stopped. Now, his MacBook Pro first displays a map and the following message:
"Your Apple ID is being used to sign in to a new device... Your Apple ID is being used to sign in to an iPhone near London," and it asks him to 'Allow' or 'Do not allow.' He clicks 'Allow.' Then, he gets a message: "Your Apple ID is being used to sign in to a new device. Type your password followed by this code into the password field on your iPhone."
But there's nowhere to type the password. A message appears on his iPhone saying something along the lines of "Two factor authentication is required in order to log in to your Apple ID. Type your password followed by the six digit code." Two buttons are included with the message, one saying 'Settings' and the other 'Cancel'. If he clicks 'Settings', he ends up in a loop where dialog boxes obscure his view of the phone screen, and also his view of the box to type in his password. Meanwhile, a code has been sent to his computer, but by the time he can get to his password box, the code has timed out. It takes him some considerable time to type in his password and a six digit code (he is 94, has shaky hands, and he is working on a small screen on iPhone 4). By the time he has managed to enter his password the code has already timed out, and then we get into a closed loop doing exactly the same thing over and over again.
So he's stuck. Most times, he's asked to enter the password plus a 6-digit code, and occasionally he is provided with a field to type in the code. However, even when he enters the codes, they are rejected.
He uses the iPhone 4 to carry with him from room to room (he's 94) so he can hear when an email arrives. But now he's stuck, as emails no longer appear on the iPhone 4 because it can't log into iCloud.
We have no idea why his iPhone 4 logged him out of iCloud in the first place, as he wouldn't have logged out of iCloud himself.
Can anyone help us get his iPhone 4 connected back to his iCloud account?
Earlier iPhone models