No, the USB C connection will not improve the read and write speed of the Apple SuperDrive. Even with a USB C adaptor it's still a USB A machine. It's an old design and is maybe the slowest on the market.
I would look at what OWC (MacSaes.com) offers sin the way of optical drives. I have an older version of this one, OWC Mercury Pro 24X Super-Multi DVD/CD Burner/Reader External Optical Drive with M-DISC Support.

I use it primarily for ripping audio books. You can get essentially the same drive but with BlueRay capability (you'll also need a BlueRay burn and read app to read or burn BlueRay discs). They have several other drawer loading, self powered optical drives that might meet your needs.
It has its own power source so can be connected via a hub or dock. Non self powered optical drives should be connected directly to the Mac unless it's a self powered hub or dock.
OWC is considered the premier hardware supplier for Macs by most of the experienced contributors here.
Note: if you burn video DVDs always burn at the slowest speed available to insure the best burn possible.
