GPS

You can add an external GPS receiver to your WiFi Only iPad. These are often used in marine, aviation and vehicular applications - and can be either directly connected via Lightning or via Bluetooth.

Their are various third-party manufacturers and options, of which two are BadElf and Garmin Glo.

While iPhone (and other mobile phones) benefit from having built-in GNSS/GPS capabilities, location data is not shared with connected devices via the wireless hotspot connection.