Login items/Open at Login not showing apps that open at login. Solutions?

I've recently switched to this MacBook Pro (Ventura 13.0.1), and upon installing some applications, I found that whenever I switch between users or start up the laptop, certain applications keep starting up when I login, even though they do not have permission to, since they don't show up in the Open at Login settings, and their corresponding "Open at Login" toggle is off.

For example, upon doing a simple restart, Terminal, Safari, Mail, Notes, VS Code, and Discord all opened. The expected result is that none of these apps should open on startup. To reproduce this issue, just download Discord and restart. See below images.

I saw similar login issues on MacOS when looking for solutions. The solutions present, associated with hunting related files in the Launcher Agent/Launcher Daemon, don't seem to solve my problem, because these directories are either empty or contain only Microsoft/Google-related items. As of this point I haven't encountered any online solutions to this problem. I'll probably look at finding some way to monitor the startup processes on this laptop.