Photos on iCloud and iPhone

My photos on iphone used up too much storage. So recently i bought iCloud storage, hoping that after uploading the photos I could free up some space on the iphone. And that was what I did. After uploading the pictures to iCloud, I deleted them from the iPhone. i just realized that this operation deleted all my photos from iCloud as well. :( :(

My questions:

1. is it possible to get the deleted photos back? How?
2. what is the proper way to store photos on iCloud but not on the iphone?

Thank you!