There is currently no direct feature or "history log" within iCloud settings that allows you to view a list of devices that have been removed or signed out. The standard "Devices" list in your Apple ID settings only displays hardware that is currently authorized and active. Once you sign out of a device or use the "Sign out of all devices" feature, that hardware is immediately scrubbed from the interface. Because of this, you cannot simply open an app to see what was connected last week or last month; however, you can reconstruct this history using a few forensic workarounds.
The most reliable method to identify past devices is to search your email archives. Apple triggers an automated security alert sent to your primary Apple ID email address whenever a new device signs into your account. By searching your inbox for terms like "Apple ID sign in," "Your Apple ID was used to sign in," or "New sign-in," you can often find a chronological record of access. These emails typically detail the specific device model (such as "iPhone 13 Pro"), the date and time of the login, and an approximate location, serving as a permanent record even after the device itself has been logged out of your account.
If checking your email does not yield results, you can look for residual data in your iCloud Backups or Purchase History. Even after a device is signed out, its backup files often remain in your cloud storage until manually deleted. You can check this by navigating to your iCloud settings and looking under "Device Backups" for any hardware you no longer use. Similarly, reviewing your App Store purchase history can provide clues; if you see app downloads or media purchases on dates when you were not using your current devices, you can infer that a different device was logged in at that time.
For a more comprehensive but technical look at your account history, you can submit a Data Privacy Request at privacy.apple.com. You would need to select "Apple ID Account and Device Information" to receive a copy of the data Apple holds on you. This process is not immediate—it typically takes three to seven days—and the resulting report usually comes in the form of complex spreadsheet files. While not a user-friendly list, these logs sometimes contain IP addresses or serial numbers associated with past account activity that are no longer visible in the main interface.
If your inquiry is driven by a suspicion of unauthorized access, it is safer to assume the account was compromised rather than waiting to find proof of a specific device. You should immediately change your Apple ID password and verify your security settings. Specifically, check the "Trusted Phone Numbers" section in your password and security settings to ensure no unknown numbers are listed for Two-Factor Authentication. Additionally, reviewing the "Sign in with Apple" menu will help you ensure no third-party apps are currently linked to your account by an intruder.
