Unless the iPad is centrally managed by an Enterprise/Business or an Educational establishment, an iPad will not need to retrieve a configuration file from a remote resource. As described, the iPad is centrally managed (and potentially owned) by somebody else.
Devices that are supervised/configuration locked by an MDM platform can usually only be released from central management by the platform that manages the device. Be aware that Apple will not assist with removal of management profiles.
Unless you are lucky - and have the option to delete the configuration profile from iPad Settings - you’ll need to seek assistance directly from the System Administrator who manages the device. If you cannot identify and seek assistance from the owner of the iPad, Apple Support and contributors here will not be able to help you.
Install or remove configuration profiles on iPad - Apple Support