First, consider the possibility of local interference from other devices (including Bluetooth etc.) - or neighbouring WiFi networks. If you can, split your own WiFi network into separate 2.4GHz and 5GHz segments, each having a different network name (SSID). Try connecting to the 5GHz network; while this will have a shorter range, it is likely to be more stable with less likelihood of local radio interference.
Otherwise, start here:
If your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch won’t connect to a Wi-Fi network - Apple Support
Recommended settings for Wi-Fi routers and access points - Apple Support
If your WiFi has been set-up according to Apple’s recommended settings, WiFi and Internet connection difficulties are often an indication that your device does not have a routable IP Address - your IP Address usually being assigned by DHCP. When this occurs, your iPad may only have a self-assigned link-local IP address that begins 169.254.x.x.
If you have a VPN App or profiles installed, or a security App such as Norton, these may be interfering with DHCP and preventing your device from obtaining a valid IP Address for your iPhone hotspot - or the WiFi network to which you are attempting to connect. The resolution is usually simple; if installed, you may only need to temporarily disable or remove the Security App and/or VPN.
DHCP is frequently used to automatically obtain an IP Address. Until your iPad has a valid IP Address to connect to your network, you will not have an internet connection. Disabling or removing VPN and/or the offending security App should allow DHCP to operate normally - allowing connection to your network and the internet.
If this resolves your issue, the VPN and/or security App can be reinstated after the connectivity problem has been resolved.