Follow @etresoft's advice regarding a DFU Firmware Restore since that is the only way to restore the required hidden system APFS Containers which contain critical boot files that were formerly stored in the system firmware of the Intel Macs. Unfortunately the DFU Firmware Restore currently requires access to another Mac currently running macOS 15.x Sequoia......this will change once macOS 26 Tahoe is released and macOS 26 will be required by the host Mac when performing a DFU Firmware Restore.
While Apple does somewhat protect those two hidden critical & required system APFS Containers, I guess they are not 100% protected.
Unless there is an actual hardware issue with the computer that just so happened to coincide with your erasing the whole physical internal SSD, there is no need to have any hardware replaced for this issue. It is a design defect & oversight by Apple (in more ways than one).
FYI, keep in mind that many Apple online support agents are clueless about the products they are supporting....they have their Apple provided scripts and that is all most of them know. Even the "techs" at an Apple Store may unaware of some of the ways to "fix" an issue such as you've described here. Apple has made some things way more complicated than they need to be where even their own support personnel are unable to understand all the options. Always get a second opinion before spending lots of money.