How to recover photos and reduce 'other volumes' storage after reinstalling Sonoma on Mac?

A day ago, my laptop started to not work. Basically whenever I searched up something, it would not allow me because it said there was not enough "space".

So what I did was reinstall Sonoma and I had to delete a good amount if stuff, but in the end I was able to and finally reinstalled it. I thought things were going well until when I tried to migrate my account information and other stuff like files and applications, but I did not have enough space. I tried going back by resetting my laptop but it would just only take me back to the starting page. I knew I had no other choice but just go ahead and migrate without my account and now my storage is almost full. 176 GB is taken by "other volumes" and I don't know what it is. I only have around 2 GB free. I can't even sync with iCloud to perhaps get a bit of my photos back. Im really stuck and I don't know what to do.

Is there anything I can do to save my photos? To get rid of the "other volumes"? or anything??

thanks for reading this

[Re-Titled by Moderator]