Knowing that the TV was shutting down, which caused the ATV to shut down, lead me find that the sound bar I had connected to the TV was going to sleep after 20 minutes due to inactivity (I was using headphones through the ATV), causing the TV and the ATV to shut down. I went into my sound bar app and reset the sleep mode time to NEVER, and now my problem seems to have been resolved - no more ATV shutdowns while using headphones. Many thanks to all, especially philwupdx.
Interesting how I went from blaming hardware, then 18.2, then my TV, ultimately to discover the sound bar issue. The value of the community is huge.