Call Logs in the "Recents" are not time-bound. It is the number of calls made and received.
Disable Calls on other devices.
The pic below is self-explanatory for Calls & Text Messages on other Apple devices with the same Apple ID.
You may enable or disable them as per your requirement and liking.

You only have the last 100 calls in the call log, if you want more contact your carrier and ask for a detailed itemized bill for the period that you are looking for.

Just to clarify, it's important to understand that a single SIM card can actually be used across multiple devices. This means that you can make and receive calls from any device, including Android devices.
All the call history associated with that SIM card is consolidated in one central location: your trusted carrier. It's worth noting that your carrier will bill you based on this consolidated information. Therefore, if you need a comprehensive breakdown of your usage, I would recommend reaching out to your carrier and requesting a detailed itemized bill.
By doing so, you'll have a clear overview of your usage across all the devices you've used with that SIM card, ensuring transparency and accuracy in your billing.