I was charged an amount of $41.99 by APPLE.COM/BILL - ITUNES.COM

but I do not have a receipt

You have charged by whom . . .?

If you purchase something from Apple, you will always receive an invoice from Apple.

If the invoice is not from Apple, was the money deducted by a stranger?

Contact your bank, they can find out who (name, address & account number) has collected the amount from your bank account, and when.

Depending on your bank, they can collect the amount back within 30 days.

Ask your bank to block you card, and ask a new card.

See also ⤵️

Identify legitimate emails from the App Store or iTunes Store

Identify legitimate emails from the App Store or iTunes Store - Apple Support

Recognize and avoid phishing messages, phony support calls, and other scams

Recognize and avoid phishing messages, phony support calls, and other scams - Apple Support

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and it is not an action performed by me.

An iPhone cannot purchased stuff from the Apple without human intervention.

This means that either someone had physical access to your iPhone.

If other people have access to your iPhone or other Apple device, change the device passcode and never share it with others.

Change your Passcode -> Use a passcode with your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch - Apple Support

Change your Apple ID password -> Change your Apple ID password - Apple Support

• Create a strong password for your Apple ID, It is best if your password consists of eight or more characters and include upper and lowercase letters, and at least one number. You can also add extra characters and punctuation marks to make your password even stronger. 
• Never provide your password, passcode, security questions, verification codes, recovery key or any other account security details to anyone else. Apple will never ask you for this information.

Then see this Apple article: What to do after you change your Apple ID or password

What to do after you change your Apple ID or password - Apple Support

(if you haven't already done this) Two-factor authentication for Apple ID -> Two-factor authentication for Apple ID - Apple Support

To keep your Apple ID account secure, see the following Apple articles: 

If you think your Apple ID has been compromised

If you think your Apple ID has been compromised - Apple Support

See who has access to your device or accounts

See who has access to your iPhone or iPad – Apple Support (UK)

Delete suspicious content from your devices

Delete suspicious content from your devices – Apple Support (UK)

Check your Apple ID device list to see where you're signed in

Check your Apple ID device list to find where you're signed in - Apple Support

• if you see devices that don't belong to you, delete from your account.

Personal Safety User Guide -> Personal Safety User Guide – Apple Support (UK)

Manage and use your Apple ID -> Manage and use your Apple ID – Apple Support (UK)

Never jailbroken your iPhone.