How to deal with spam mail?

My e-mail address has been compromised and I receive a lot of spam mail, some days > 700 messages. Apple Mail does a decent job to filter about 99.5 % plus of these messages, but I am wondering if there is a way to block these message in the first place?

And preferably without inviting even more spam.

Of course, I could change my e-mail but I have this address for more than 20 years, I prefer not to give it up.

Any recommendations?