iPhone data recovery after a factory reset

There is no hope of recovering anything. All of the offers to recover data from dead phones are scams.

If you synced photos to iCloud (rather than backing them up) you can recover all of the photos that were synced.

iCloud+ has 2 independent functions. iCloud backups, and iCloud sync. It’s confusing because they both have the same name prefix. But they have no connection with each other. Go to Settings/[your name]/iCloud. You will see a bunch of switches (with iOS 16 also tap Show All). When you turn on a switch that data type will sync to iCloud. If you do this on multiple devices that share an Apple ID the selected data will sync to all of those devices. 

You can also turn on iCloud Backups. This will back up your phone every night if the phone is plugged in, connected to Wi-Fi and locked.

But note that anything that you sync by the first method will be excluded from the iCloud backups.

If you have it set to sync to iCloud then photos will not be included in a backup, as I explained. The phone does not sync to iCloud in real time, unless the phone’s state of charge is very high; it waits until the phone is plugged in or has recently been charged, because iCloud sync uses a lot of energy.

Hi, the same thing happened with me yesterday as well. My phone was connected to charging and internet but the iCloud backup and Sync didn't occur leading to loss of a lot of photos. Apple should do something in this respect as lot of time people have to reset their phone without the option of backing up or syncing the devices. This is very frustrating and annoying thing to happen with no support from the worlds largest valued company.