Some files don't open when double-clicking them in Finder

Has anyone encountered this issue in macOS Ventura 13.3 on a MacBook Pro (14-inch, 2021)?

• Double-clicking a file in Finder opens the application but not the actual file (for example, Word(.docx)-files in "Downloads" or "Desktop" will make the Word-application "bounce", but the file is never actually opened)
• Some files however do open, but the placement of the file doesn't seem to matter (the issue occurs for both "Downloads" and "Desktop", but also works for some documents in both locations)
• Same issue for some .pdf-files which should be opened in Preview.app
• Previews of files work in Finder
• You can "get around" the issue by going to File > Open from within the app, this always works

What we've tried, which didn't help:

• Reinstall macOS
• Boot into safe mode
• Reinstall Word

Does anyone recognize the behaviour per chance? The files have usually been downloaded different locations online.