Music sync Mac to iPhone incomplete

I am trying to sync music that is downloaded to my Mac to my iPhone but some albums are not syncing.

When I sync from my Mac (via Finder -> Music -> select albums -> Sync), it appears that all selected albums have synced to the iPhone (when looking at the iPhone content via the Music application on my Mac). But when I go to Music on the iPhone all the albums not there.

Some of the albums that do not sync were purchased on iTunes. Some were ripped from CD.

Yet those that do sync were also include those purchased on iTunes and or ripped from CD. So it doesn't appear to be the original source.

When I look at the music file types that are stored in the .../Music/iTunes/iTunes Media folder, they are mp3 or m4a. Both types are among the songs that sync and both types are among the songs that do not sync. So it doesn't appear to be the file type.

I've tried removing all music from my iPhone and re-syncing. This didn't work. And the same albums are missing.

I've tried dragging missing albums onto the iPhone from within the Music application on my mac. But this didn't work (possibly because that application seems to recording the music as already on the iPhone).

Mac Mini (late 2014) macOS Monterey; Music version 1.2.5.7

iPhone SE (3rd gen) iOS 16.3.1; Music app is up to date (I cannot see where the version number is)

Any thoughts?