How do I sync my iPhone with my ipad with a usb type c and a lightning connector?

To be clearer, you don’t sync iOS devices to each other. Period. You can sync an iOS device to a computer. You can sync DATA between iOS devices using iCloud, or by syncing each device separately to a computer, then syncing the computer to other devices.

To sync using iCloud, both devices must be logged in to the same Apple ID. Then you go Settings/[your name]/iCloud and turn on the switches for the data you want to sync. For Contacts, Calendars and Reminders also log each device into the same email accounts.

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