In short, I don't know how to resolve the original dialog you mentioned. I cannot reproduce it here with macOS 12.6, Apple's v12.1 office applications, but especially with my ancient Synology configuration. Regardless if I choose SMB3 or AFP.
I don't use any RAID on my old DS-110J Synology, and I am wondering outloud if you are using a RAID configuration, and if that is fooling the Apple applications into believing that the RAID duplication of their respective documents is what makes it believe the document is in use by another user.
My DiskStation Management Software version is capped at DSM 5.2-5967 Update 9 on that old DiskStation, so I cannot offer much of a testing comparison to newer releases of DSM, Synology hardware and their interaction with Monterey. On macOS 12.6, and a manual SMB share mounted, the only dialog I get from Pages v12.1 is when I attempt to manually save after allowing autosave to quietly update several additions to a document on the Synology. It tells me that it is on a volume that does not support permanent version storage, so in otherwards, the File menu > Revert To is inoperable with SMB. This with Ask to keep changes when closing documents deselected.