Thank you for the Edited Report.
There are any number of things / conditions / configurations  abnormal about this computer.
Starting with the the two Volumes as per listing below disk4 and disk 5
Moving to software - the SECERT Application and all the heavily modified System Modification  plus the Notations of System Security being disabled. Through in the Little Snitch application.
Any of the above could be contributing factor to the issue at hand.
disk4 - Apple Disk Image 127 MB ()    External Virtual Interface        disk4s1 - S*************S (Mac OS Extended) 127 MB (80 MB used)    
disk4s1 - S*************S        127 MB (80 MB used, 47 MB free)        Mac OS Extended        Disk Image        Mount point: /Volumes/S*************S        Owners enabled: No        Read-only: Yes    
disk5 - Apple Disk Image 316 MB ()    External Virtual Interface        disk5s1 - S*************S (Mac OS Extended) 316 MB (219 MB used)
disk5s1 - S*************S        316 MB (219 MB used, 96 MB free)        Mac OS Extended        Disk Image        Mount point: /Volumes/S***************1        Owners enabled: No        Read-only: Yes
System modifications* - There are a large number of system modifications running in the background.
 Running app: (SECRET)
Little Snitch Network Extension 
No Time Machine backup* - Time Machine backup not found.    
*Gatekeeper disabled* - Gatekeeper security protection is disabled. This computer is at risk of malware infection.    
System modifications* - There are a large number of system modifications running in the background.*Apple security disabled* - Apple security software is disabled. This computer is at risk of malware infection.