how do i back up a broken iphone
how do i backup my phone using my computer
iPhone XR, iOS 15
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If you cannot turn on the device or enter a passcode, you cannot back it up.
To learn "How to back up your iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch" click here --> https://support.apple.com/HT203977
If you were fortunate and had iCloud set to automatically do a backup regularly then you likely won't be missing much after restoring. Even if you don't have iCloud backup turned on, if you were using iCloud to sync things like Contacts then once you sign in again on your repaired iPhone it will repopulate iCloud items.