"Apple ID Settings - Some account services will not be available until you sign in again" - iPhone
The issue is that this message does not go away even if I do what it says (details below).
This has been happening to my iPhone for a while, signing out and back into my Apple ID does not fix it (the notification comes back after a few days).
When I click "Continue" it asks for my iPhone's password (NOT my Apple ID password), then after I input the password the notification stays the same, no matter how many times I do it.
I've also tried signing out on my MacBook Pro 2015 (13"), then signing out on the iPhone, and then signing back in on both, and no luck. I also own an iPad, but it does not seem to be affecting the process in any way, while I need my MacBook's password in order to sign in to my Apple ID.
My iPhone is an SE 2020.
iPhone SE