Same here. My iPhone 17 Pro Max will connect to my Ford as my previous iPhone 15 Pro. However, after about 1-2 min, it will disconnect. Same cable. I even purchased a new cable - same result.
I did notice that while in Maps, after 1 min or so, I could not scroll, and a few moments later it would disconnect. I assume it is crashing behind the scene.
I was able to get it not to crash/disconnect a few times when I was was sitting in another CarPlay app (I think I was in Podcast instead of Maps). My testing was limited though.
Highly annoying to buy such an expensive phone and have it disconnect - either the iPhone 17 or iOS 26 must be causing this - never had this constant disconnecting in years using Car Play on different iPhone and iOS versions.