You will want to ask Adobe about the capabilities of their apps.
Microsoft provides DAC/MDAC/OLE/COM/DCOM/whatever for this live-linking purpose. PowerPoint can likely provide this image embedding feature, though whether that embedding feature also exists on macOS?
I’ve not been heavily using Adobe or Microsoft apps for some years, using alternatives and improvements, including those from Affinity. Affinity Publisher 2 has potentially-relevant capabilities here:
https://affinity.help/publisher2/en-US.lproj/index.html?page=pages/Media/embeddingVsLinking.html&title=Embedding%20vs%20linking
The closest available native Apple tools for live-linking a presentation on Apple platforms probably involves a web browser.