Undeletable Profile After MDM Disabled Ability to Sync with Configurator Host

In addition to Screen Time I was using Apple Configurator to manage certain things on my teenager's iPhone. I was not signing the profile because they were changing frequently and the phone only needed to be synced with the Configurator host (my MacBook). The profile was set to "Never" be removable. It was restricted to not "Allow paring with non-Configurator hosts" and not "Allow Erase All Contents and Settings". This worked fine and I could change settings as we worked through what worked best.

Some time later we decided to add additional content filtering using an app that uses MDM enrollment to enforce certain things. This MDM enrollment seems to have modified the phone in some way that it no longer recognizes my MacBook as the Configurator-host. I was no longer able to see or manager profiles through Apple Configurator, but worse for my child, they could no longer do normal things like syncing Music.

I unenrolled the phone from the MDM service hoping that would allow me to manage the phone again, but whatever was changed during MDM seems to have prevented the phone from trusting my MacBook. I cannot remove the profile on the device, I cannot sync the device or manage it through Apple Configurator, I cannot wipe the device. I also cannot re-enroll the phone in MDM because the method was done via USB, which is now restricted. I'm waiting to hear back from the MDM provider to see if they have any solutions.

Have I backed myself into a corner or is there a way to remove this profile? Is this something a Genius Bar can resolve?