verification codes for iCloud (Drive) from Windows Store on Windows 11 do not work

I'm asking a question here on behalf of a family member. She runs iCloud Drive on her Windows 11 laptop. If I click on the application icon in the Windows Start menu, it seems she's signed in to Apple as I can see her e-mail name and data about her storage. However, a screen pops up in front of that window telling us to "Continue to Sign in to iCloud

Enter the password for <accountname>" See the attached screenshots.

I wanted to log out of iCloud but that gave a warning about all files synchronised being removed. I don't understand why an application would remove files simply by logging out of an application. IIRC a change of the password would give a similar warning. I've already created a back-up of the files on the notebook, so I don't worry too much but my family member does. How should I proceed? And do others get iCloud Drive to play nice with Windows 11? Thank you for your attention!

Continue to Sign in to iCloud

Enter the password for

"Verification Failed: There was an error connecting the Apple Account server"

Windows 11 iCloud Authentication Failure … - Apple Community