Safari and Google are 2 different things.
Safari is a browser, not a search engine. It cannot search for anything on its own.
Google is a search engine, not a browser. Browsers can use it to search for terms entered in their address / search bar.
Unless you manually changed it to something else, like Duck Duck go or Microsoft Bing, Safari uses Google.com as its search engine by default. Been like this for quite a long time.
If you have Google as your search engine, then anything you enter in the Safari search bar that is not an actual website address is sent to Google to be searched.
If you don't want to use Google to search for things, then select a different search Engine.
How you do that depends on the device you are using.