can i trace my iphone if it was stolen and phoned turned off

No.

Please first look at this - If your iPhone, iPad or iPod touch is lost or stolen – Apple Support

Tracking lost or stolen phones

The 'Find My' tracking is to help you discover if you left your phone in the office or the restaurant. Lost or Stolen phones are rarely ever seen again.

Risk mitigation

Get your provider to 

Cancel your SIM.

Send you a replacement SIM on same number.

You can then put the SIM in another phone to get the codes you will need.

Phishing warning

Unless you had a PIN set on the SIM the thief or finder now know your number so don’t respond to texts to sign into your account!

Resign to the fact your data is safe but you will never see the phone again 

NickHero Said:

"can i trace my iphone if it was stolen and turned off"

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Sure: Do it the old fashioned way by baktracking your locations, and asking others if they've seen it.